Taxation of Social Security Benefits
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Taxation of Social Security Benefits
Just because your Social Security income is coming from the government, don’t assume the government won’t want some of it back! For many people, at least some of their Social Security benefits will be subject to taxes.
Things To Know
- Social Security benefits are taxable if you have yearly income that exceeds certain limits.
Two types of income
The IRS makes a distinction between two types of income for tax purposes. Earned income is all the income you get from working, including any wages you make as an employee or any net earnings from self-employment. Unearned income includes investment interest, capital gains, and dividends.
In 1984, Social Security benefits became partially taxable if you had yearly income that exceeded certain limits. Retirement plan distributions can lead to higher taxes on your Social Security benefits as well, by pushing you over those limits.
Income limits
If your combined income is less than $25,000 ($32,000 if married filing jointly) including adjusted gross income, non-taxable interest, and half of Social Security benefits, then your Social Security benefits are generally not taxed. If your income, prior to retirement plan distributions, already has you paying maximum tax on Social Security, then the distributions will not make it worse. However, if you live on income below $25,000 ($32,000 for married, filing jointly), then you should consider the effect of taking distributions from your retirement accounts.
If you are below normal (or "full") retirement age, but have begun drawing Social Security benefits while still working, there is a factor to consider in addition to taxation: there is a limit to how much you can earn without decreasing your Social Security benefits while you work.
Here is how it works
Normal retirement age varies from age 65 to age 67, according to your year of birth. (The Social Security Administration has a handy online chart and calculator.) Persons born in 1959, for example, turn 65 in 2024. They have a normal retirement age of 66 years and 10 months. (Retirement before "normal retirement age" is allowed as early as age 62, but with a substantial reduction in benefits. Retirement after this age increases benefits, up to age 70.)
Benefits lost
If you are below normal retirement age for all of 2024 and you receive Social Security benefits and you’re still working, you lose $1 in Social Security benefits for each $2 you earned above $22,320. If you reach normal retirement age during 2024, your Social Security benefits will be reduced for the months in 2024 before full retirement by $1 for each $3 you earn above $59,520.
Starting in the month you reach normal retirement age, you will begin receiving full benefits for the rest of your life, no matter how much you earn. These benefits may still be taxable, however.
