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1.
Mental accounting is a psychological practice that refers to keeping our investments in good condition.
False. Mental accounting really means putting our money in different buckets for different purposes. Its not always harmful, but sometimes it can inadvertently lead to wasteful spending.
2.
In investing, self-handicapping might be considered the opposite of _______.
Overconfidence. Self-handicapping involves looking for excuses beforehand to explain why something might not work. If it indeed does not work, we have handicapped ourselves.
3.
Confirmation bias is the practice of _______.
Giving preference to information that supports what we already believe. This practice can sometimes limit our success with investing by shutting out other opportunities.
4.
In the world of investing, what does overconfidence refer to?
The ability to think that one is smarter than one really is. Overconfidence stretches normal confidence to unhealthy levels.
5.
The practice of herding refers to _______.
Going along with the crowd. This is the practice of buying and selling based on the fact that it is popular to do so at the time.
6.
When you judge an investment by objective standards rather than your own personal ones, you are practicing what is called "anchoring."
False. Anchoring is the other way around, and in some cases it can lead to costly losses.
7.
In the psychology of investing, the "framing effect" refers to _______.
Using a reference point to make investment decisions. Because this reference point can be subjective, it can lead to some rash decisions.
8.
In investing, sunk costs refer to costs that have already been incurred.
True. If the costs of an investment are high, we might become reluctant to dump it due to how much we have put into it.
9.
A way to describe the psychological concept of loss aversion is this: strongly preferring to avoid losses over acquiring gains.
True. This behavior can in some cases cause you to lose money.
10.
If you are holding two beliefs that are seemingly at odds with each other and you are uncomfortable doing so, then you are suffering from _______.
Cognitive dissonance. Because of the discomfort, you will need a way to resolve the dissonance.