Choose wisely. There is only one correct answer to each question.
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1.
Mental accounting refers to _______.
Keeping our money in different buckets for different purposes. While this practice is often beneficial, it can sometimes lead to wasteful spending depending on how we view those buckets.
2.
In investing, sunk costs refer to costs that have already been incurred.
True. If the costs of an investment are high, we might become reluctant to dump it due to how much we have put into it.
3.
In investing, self-handicapping might be considered the opposite of _______.
Overconfidence. Self-handicapping involves looking for excuses beforehand to explain why something might not work. If it indeed does not work, we have handicapped ourselves.
4.
Which of the following examples illustrates selective memory?
Remembering only the successes. Selective memory, as a rule, selects those memories that we want to preserve.
5.
When you judge an investment by objective standards rather than your own personal ones, you are practicing what is called "anchoring."
False. Anchoring is the other way around, and in some cases it can lead to costly losses.
6.
An example of the psychological concept of loss aversion is _______.
Holding onto a poorly performing stock. The fear of loss is so great in some people that they will hold on to stocks that are tanking badly, even when they see no real reason for it.
7.
The framing effect can lead you to treat buying decisions in relative terms.
True. This effect can affect the choices you make when you buy investments.
8.
Investors who exhibit "herding" behavior tend to think that other investors have more information than they do.
True. Herding refers to investing along with the crowd. This usually entails believing that others have information that you dont.
9.
In the world of investing, what does overconfidence refer to?
The ability to think that one is smarter than one really is. Overconfidence stretches normal confidence to unhealthy levels.
10.
Confirmation bias is the practice of _______.
Giving preference to information that supports what we already believe. This practice can sometimes limit our success with investing by shutting out other opportunities.